04 - Turkey - General Objectives
Milli Eğitim Temel Kanunu, No. 1739 that handles education system in
its entirety determined the general objective of national education,
aims of educational stages and main principles that constitute a basis
for educational practices. The second article of this law general
objectives of the public education are set as follows,
- To
raise all the individuals of Turkish Nation as citizens who are devoted
to Atatürk’s nationalism which finds its expression in the revolutions
and principles of Atatürk and the Constitution; who adopt, protect and
improve the national, moral, humanist, spiritual and cultural values of
the Turkish Nation; who love and try to glorify the family, the country
and the nation; who are aware of the duties and responsibilities for
Republic of Turkey that is based on human rights and fundamental
principles at the beginning of the Anayasa 1982 and that is democratic,
secular and governed by law, and who adopt these as attitudes;
- As
individuals who have sober and healthy characteristics in body, mind,
morality, spirit and sense; who have the power of independent and
scientific thinking, who have an extensive world vies; who are
respectful to human rights, who set a high value on personality and
enterprise, who feel responsibility for society; who are constructive,
creative and productive.
- To prepare
them to life by developing their interests, capabilities and skills and
making them gain information, skills, attitudes and cooperation habits
and to provide them professions that make them pleased and contribute
the overall contentment of the society.
Thus, to raise
the welfare and contentment of the Turkish citizens and Turkish
society; on the other hand to support and accelerate economic, social
and cultural improvement in national unity and entirety and finally to
render Turkish nation a constructive, creative, outstanding partner of
the modern civilization.
The third article of the aforementioned
law foresees arrangement of Turkish educational system so as to fulfill
the general objectives and determination of the objectives for
educational stages in accordance with the above mentioned general
objectives.
The objectives of the higher education are
determined by Milli Eğitim Temel Kanunu, No. 1739 (Article 35) and also
by Yükseköğretim Kanunu No. 2547 (Article 4). Both of the laws are
determined generally so that objectives of the higher education cover
all the higher educational stages (associate degree, bachelor’s degree
and graduate degrees) and types (vocational and academic). There is not
any discrimination between educational stages and education types. The
objectives of higher education are set so as to cover three main
functions of the higher education; education, research and community
services by name.
When both of the laws are considered together, it is possible to list the objectives of the higher education as follows:
- To
raise the students in the direction of their interests, potentials and
skills according to the manpower needs in high level and various stages
of the society;
- To educate the
students in accordance with their interests and skills as citizens who
support national development and supply national requirements, also who
have professional knowledge, skills, attitudes and general culture both
provide maintenance and contentment,
- To
raise citizens that have the power of independent and scientific
thinking, who have an extensive world view and who respect human rights
- To
publish all sorts of works that present the results of research and
inspections and that provide progress in science and techniques.
- To provide scientific education on various stages;
- To
analyze and reconnoiter, public affairs before all else, so as to solve
all scientific, technical and cultural problems that expand and deepen
sciences;
- To consider national
issues as subjects of education and research with the collaboration of
the Government and other institutions and to present the results to
public service,
- To spread the
knowledge beneficial and enlightening to public opinion either orally
or written and to provide widespread educational services.
- So
as to raise welfare and contentment of Turkish society to render
constructive, creative and distinguished partner of the modern
civilization by executing programs that contribute and accelerate
social and cultural improvement,
- To
do high level studies and researches, to produce information and
technology, to spread scientific data, to support development and
improvement on national field, to be an outstanding member of the
science world with the collaboration of domestic and foreign
institutions; to contribute to universal and modern development.
Eurydice - the information network on education in Europe
Date: 2009
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